Ethical Audit Report of Tesco Essay Example for Free

Ethical Audit Report of Tesco Essay According to Mamoria (2010), business ethics is defined as the businessmans integrity so far as his conduct or behaviour is concerned in all fields of business as well as towards the society and other businesses. Thus, the conduct or behaviour by businessman towards the society or others may have some conflicts and contradictions. The intention of this report is to highlight what and why the incidents happened. The incidents include the employment of illegal workers, price fixing, and poor product quality. All these incidents tend to spoil the corporate’ image of the company and also bring harmful effect to the communities and other stakeholders. So, Tesco took action by compensating to the victims, restructured corporate management system for better performances, and provided training programme and learning course for the employee. The ethical theories applicable to Tesco include Ethics of Justice, Ethics of Duty, and Feminist Ethics, which will also be discussed in this report. In addition, the organization’s best practices and values such as corporate social responsibility and protecting the environment will also be discussed for the close up of this report. 1. 1 Background of Tesco Tesco, one of the largest retailers in the world started its business in 1919. The Founder, Jack Cohen started a grocery stall in East End of London. He made a profit of ? 1 from sales of ? 4 on his first day. After 5 years, in 1924. Mr. Cohen bought a shipment of tea from Mr. T. E. Stockwell where the â€Å"Tesco† brand first appearance. Tesco expanded its business to petrol station in 1974, and became the UK’s largest independent petrol retailer. It generated a total sales topped ? 1bn and doubled up to ? 2bn in 1982. In order to overtake the UK’s leading grocer in 1990, Tesco made an aggressive marketing campaign to open more stores to gain its businesses. In 2000, Tesco continued to expand its business by product range from clothes to electrical and personal finance products when Tesco. com was launched (www. telegraph. co. uk). For more detail on its corporate background, kindly refer to Appendix I. 2. 0 Ethical Dilemmas Ethics in general and ethics in business are very intimate to one another. Therefore ones personal ethics cannot be completely separated from ones business or organizational ethics. If you are a man of principles, then you are more inclined to insist on high moral standards in your business and organizations (Gavai, 2010). No matter how strong the corporate policy and system, ethical dilemmas still exist as everyone is looking for their own interest. Tesco, one of the biggest retailers in worldwide also faces the same problems such as illegal workers, price fixing and poor product quality. . 1 Illegal Workers Tesco was caught for hiring 30 illegal workers who were foreign students at one of its warehouses. These students were from 11 different nationalities; mostly Bangladeshi and Indian origins were alleged for working up to 3? times longer than their allowed working hour in visa permit (www. visabureau. com). They worked as much as 50 hours extra than the allowed hours of 20 hours per week. This incident happened after the UK border Agency enforcement team visited their factory on July 2012 in Croydon (www. immigrationmatters. co. uk). The retailer took responsibilities by giving corporation to the investigation as they insisted they did not condone illegal working (www. telegraph. co. uk). Anyhow, employees were considered the victims in this incident as they had not been protected by the company’s employment rules, where they were forced to work for extra hours. They faced big losses such as inability to further education and having a work-life balance. Employer did not protect for employee welfare, they abused employee right to work extra which prompted to product high productivity, maximize the profit margin by saving cost of employee salary. Supplier played a key role in this scenario, as it was the only party to transform information between the employers and the employee while in the process of recruitment. In fact, there was wrong information sending either to the employer or the employee. 2. 2 Price Fixing Tesco was accused in the scandal of the pricing fixing on its dairy products such as cheese and milk. The consumers from the Office of Fair Trading in UK reported that Tesco had charged them an additional of approximately ? 270M between years 2002-2003. The huge amount was accumulated from 3 pence extra for a pint of milk, 15 penny extra for each quarter-pound of butter and the same amount per half-pound of cheese for every single purchased together with another 8 firms were implicated in the collusion (www. dailymail. co. uk). They were caught by breaching the competition act in synchronising the increased price with other competitors for certain dairy products. However, Tesco’s competitors had admitted and OFT had been given discount on the fined amount as they had given cooperation in the investigation. When the corporations did not practice fair competition which comply with the competition law, consumers were the victims because they did not protect in fair trading. This is clearly a strong violation of consumers’ rights (www. savistamagazine. com). Shareholders in the corporations basically earned extra profits in this scenario. Whereas, this practices was not encouraged as they must obey the corporate law which was stated in the Corporate Governance. Government department plays a key role in this embarrass scenario; their intention was to protect the consumers. Their penalty towards the corporations sent a clear signal to them not to violate consumers’ rights. In fact, families in UK suffering big loss of expensed extra for the daily goods in unknowingly. They should be protected under the fair trading policy which ensured them to trade in worthiness. 2. 3 Poor Product Quality Tesco also received a punishment from the Bracknell Magistrate Court for selling 127 outdated foods in the Martins Heron branch on May 2011. The foods included beef-burgers, ham and chocolate cheesecake. This incident happened when a girl fell sick after consuming chargrilled chicken pasta salad. This prompted Bracknell Forest Trading Standards officers to investigate the matter after receiving the complaint. The officers found that the foods had expired for 16 days during a visit to the store (www. getreading. co. uk). Trading Standards officers commented this matter as the â€Å"worst case of out-of- date product† that they had ever seen (www. mirror. co. uk). The irresponsible behavior acted by the management of Tesco was strongly affected to the public health. It also brought suffer to the consumers from physically and mentality. The shareholders were also facing lost when the management was careless in managing the stocks. Besides the above, Tesco was discovered for selling 100 expired food products which included yoghurts, fruit smoothies, soup, gravy, vegetable pakoras, packaged salad, pasta bowls, samosa and bhaji snack packs and guacomole dip. These items were past their sell-by-dated of between 1 to 17 days. The occurrence was engaged by a manager who had 20 years experience but his first time to manage the largest store chain, Tesco Extra. Shoppers had complaint about the poor problems to the Coventry City Council and the trading standards officers had proven the issues after their raids at the branch in Gielgud Way, Walsgrave in November 2009 (www. oventrytelegraph. net) 3. 0 Actions taken to solve these dilemmas According to the Merriam Webster Dictionary, dilemmas are situations or problems where a person has to make a difficult choice; an ethical dilemma is a problem where a person has to choose between a moral and an immoral act (smallbusiness. chron. com). Dilemma occurrences in the workplace are common and action taken to solve them is very important, whereas theory of ethics can be applied as guidelines which may bring the moral decision. 3. 1 Reinforce in recruitment and management system Tesco was fined for a total of ? 15,000 by UK Border Agency (UKBA) for 23 students, of various nationalities who had breached the visa working terms (www. telegraph. co. uk). UKBA was reflecting UK government’s intention into act which has promised to overwhelm on visa abuse. The 23 individuals were not permitted to enter UK again (www. visabureau. com). The Britain’s biggest supermarket had ensured that the incident in this nature will never happen again. One of the executive had been laid off after the lacklustre performance (www. telegraph. co. uk). Tesco was a founder member of Ethical Trading Initiative (ETI). They searched employee with high standard by applying the ETI base code which included; no exploitation of child labour, working hours not exceeding (20 hours per week for foreign workers) and regular employment is provided (www. tesco. ie). However, the government had carried out a good job by taking serious action against any employers who had breached the visa working terms. After the fined it brought a â€Å"warning† to the competitors and simultaneously as a reminder to them to have good ethical practice while in competition. Nobody is allowed to breach the rules in order to obtain success in competition. In addition, after UKBA taken action against the employer, the rest employees will enjoy the benefits which to work in regularly, fair treated, feel protected and concerned by the government. Employer was ensured that the management system been improved after laid off an employee who made mistake. Employer was informed to put employee’s welfares as priority. 3. 2 Defending the rights Tesco was slapped with the fined of ? 10m for price-fixing of its dairy products by the Office of Fair Trading (OFT) in 2011 after seven years of investigation. However, they threatened to fight back by taking legal action against OFT to defend themselves. The company claimed they were â€Å"surprised and dismayed† with the fined and strongly denied with any collusion in changing pricing detail with each other via the dairy processors. Tesco stand at its point vigorously and throughout the court. However, it had urged the government to deprive OFT of its power to investigate and punish firms under the competition act (www. mirror. co. uk). The intention of OFT was to alert the industries that the competition laws was enforced in ensuring the shopper in a fair trade condition. Hence, after the punishments were sent, it was ensure that the competition was maintained under the competition laws. Furthermore, competitors were only able to divulge information to each other via dairy suppliers. Suppliers were also not been honest in this incident. Suppliers did not bear responsibility of providing high quality products with reasonable prices where the consumers are able enjoy the benefits. Thus, suppliers being fined by the OFT were considered reasonable. No matter how the employer wanted to fight back with OFT, they had to pay the fine and settled it in the fastest way where to stop any embarrassing matters to affect their sales figure. At the same time, the costly and time consuming case might affect the expense of both taxpayer and business as well. So the fine paid has benefitted the consumers which bring fairness of their trading. 3. 3 Compensations After Tesco had admitted selling of outdated food, it was fined by the Bracknell Magistate Court for ? 12,000, and ? 15,000 in legal fees and a ? 15 victim surcharge. The Charges were related to 88 types of food which were put on shelves for sales. Tesco had to bear for the penalty as they knew that selling of out-date-food brought harm to the public health (www. tutorcare. o. uk). In order not to repeat their mistake, they were reinforced through staff training at the Bracknell store to ensure all the processes undergone strict quality control and the procedures were complied. Customers are the cause and purpose of every business. A business is supposed to serve them satisfactorily (Gavai, 2010). According to Tesco Corporate responsibility, they were running local s upplier programme for the purpose of getting fresh and quality products. Therefore, the company had to enforce the programme to ensure it was running smoothly and the supplier complied with it. Employers had to bear the responsibility for the incident where there was serious problem in the management. The accused significantly spoiled the corporate image and reputation which cause the sales figure to drop. However, the employers had made a right decision for admitting the mistake and paid compensation. It significantly showed that Tesco was applying the Ethics of Justice. According to Plato (2010), justice is an order and a beauty of the parts of a whole. Justice is effective coordination. It is an effective harmony of the whole. Ethics of justice can be defined as what is right and what is wrong in clear and precision. It was related to the notion of fairness. When a person is been treated unequally or deprived from what he deserved, then he was treated with injustice. Tesco realized that treating someone injustice was an immoral action, so they pledged guilty and paid fined which tend to bring fairness to the consumers as to determine this action on the criterion of rightness, which is one of the concepts in Ethics of Justice as well. Furthermore, Tesco was fined for ? 33,400 for 43 charges of selling 100 out-of-date foods at a hearing in Coventry Magistrates Court and a further of 94 charges after considering their sentenced. However, some shareholders of Tesco were present in court to show their seriousness of this matter and their concern on the case. They pledged guilty on the charges and their managers were laid off and two other employees were being disciplined (www. lacors. gov. uk). Employees had th e responsibility to carry out their job by following the corporate system. Some of the mistakes were not being tolerated and it has brought harm to the public health. The Coventry council was pleased with the results as the sentenced brought a warning to other competitors in the same industry that the government had stand at their point for the communities was appreciated. 4. 0 Best Practices and Values According to Donald, White and Bedner (2010), value is a concept of the desirable, an internalized criterion or standard of evaluation a person possesses. Such concepts and standards are relatively few and determine or guide an individuals evaluation of many objects encountered in everyday life. Values are tinged with moral flavour involving an individuals judgement of what is good, right or desirable. Tesco has practiced several communities’ works as a return to the society and tried to deliver values to them. Corporate social responsibility is in the interest of business because, by contributing to social change, it can create a better environment for its own transactions, thereby developing business while being socially responsibly (Rendtorff and Dahl, 2009). 4. 1 Communities Works Tesco plays a vital role in the local communities by supporting them actively without preconditions. They wanted to have a good relationship with the communities in which they operated. The fundamental condition that Tesco can provide to the communities is providing good quality, affordable foods and goods, and offering job to the unemployment. Besides that, they are listening and responding to the local communities for their needs and values, carrying out the issues that matter to them positively, and improve the local area by providing lasting contributions. They regularly set up a new store in the area where the retailers or businesses had been neglected. Tesco also launched a Regeneration Partnership Programs in UK where Tesco was proud as this prompted to providing job opportunities to the long term unemployment. In May 2012, they had their first launched store under the regeneration program in Hungary at Debrecen. Hiring 100 unemployed and providing 42 with courses organized by Regional Labour Centre helped them to readjust in their routine of daily work. Tesco also gathered the local communities in a centre point for them to interact. In Turkey, Tesco Kipa Family Club offered Cooking class, Dancing class, chess and learning English Class to their 60,000 members. In addition, Tesco had over 100 schools of Extended Class in South Korea to let the customers and families to attend Arts and English Class. Presently, Tesco had over 750 communities champion working into the communities which communicated with the communities effectively. They were organizing activities such as Healthy Eating to the primary school and local school children, charity event by collection or bag packing, and also asking the staff and customers to join the events like Race for Life (www. tescoplc. com). Without doubt, values to the communities such as responsibility, accountability, concern and unity had contributed absolutely by Tesco. â€Å"Value† so understood is a very broad category. It includes all sorts of things, from personal desire like health or a sense of humor to social ideals like wealth or liberty (Weston, 2010). They are responsible to the communities by giving them quality product in affordable prices. In addition, they were giving values of accountability by organizing learning class for the communities to gain their knowledge and interests. Tesco is also concerned about the communities of the unemployment, giving priority to the unemployed for job opportunities which also gave them better future and better life. Unity of the communities is very important in local area, Tesco provided a platform for the communities to communicate, interact and work together. They looked forward that every business and store were valued by the communities as they were trying hard to give interest to the communities. Tesco contributed a lot of times and fund to the community works. This demonstrates the application of Ethics of Duty. According to Kant (2010), a duty is obligatory and one has to do his duty regardless of any situation. Most of the time duty implies an action that one is expected to do as a part of society which may be neither for self-satisfaction nor for immediate happiness. Tesco knew what their prime duty to the communities was. Having a good thought is not enough but must in action. An action with potential concern showed their responsibility to the communities. 4. 2 Protecting Environment Protecting the environment is one of the important missions set by Tesco. The only way to deal with it was reducing the impact on the environment, including water and energy usage. All the suppliers have to follow the program with Tesco by reducing carbon footprint on the product and manage the water usage in all the store chain. The mission to be achieved is to become a zero-carbon business by 2050. Achieving a mission is not only in planning but practice. Tesco has converted over 100 stores to natural refrigeration across the corporate. The project in Kenya for the Lake Naivasha water stewardship helped to reduce water pollution and raised the water levels, replace transportation from lorries to rail transport which saved 15,000 tonnes of CO2e per year. Tesco had also collaborated with Unilever to create awareness amongst customers of sustainable product choices; more than 10,000 customers were advised to reduce their water footprint in Turkey. Tesco practiced by reducing in packaging and minimizing waste in their dairy operation which helped to reduce the impact on the environment. Reducing waste was the priority plan for Tesco. They used a market-leading store ordering system which helped to predict what each store chain will sell, this minimized waste of food accurately before it reached their customers. The programmes of minimizing the store’s operational waste started running since 2009 throughout the world’s store chain. They did not send any wastage from the UK store to the landfill. If the wasted were unable to recycle then it will be converted into other sources of energy. In China, cardboard and wasted oil in the stores had been fully recycled. In Poland, in order to increase the rate of recycling, they have conducted an audit of waste segregation in stores. In Malaysia, they encouraged the employees to recycle by launching a weekly league table to record who recycled the most. In US, they sent their waste food to the food bank for those who needed to reduce the wastage. And lastly in Slovakia, they donated the waste food the Hunter’s association for feeding animals. The materials used for product packing were the lightest weight and sustainable and also gave opportunities for recycling. Since 2007, Tesco have reduced the packaging of own-brand product more than 15% in UK, which included cutting glass usage by 420 tonnes annually when producing their own label Champagne. They also changed traditional packaging of toys to new packaging reduction technique that brought 15% reduction. In UK, Tesco also has commitments with WRAP’s Courtauld 2 (Waste and Resource Action Programme) to reduce the packaging waste by 2012. The commitments included the reduction of weight, recycled content of grocery packaging to be increased, rates of recycling to be increased, and carbon impact to be lowered by 10%, reduction of 4% for the UK household food and drink, and reduction of 5% for the products and packaging waste in the supply chains (www. tescoplc. com). Caring for the environment brings value of duty, love, hope, and comfort. Tesco has carried out their duty towards the society by committing on wastage reduction. All the resources taken from the earth and environment were fully utilized and the balances were recycled. This duty is belonging to everyone; therefore Tesco has taken it into priority. Tesco also showed the values of love. In terms of loving the earth, loving the environment, and loving each others in the world by saving the resources such as water. Human being is unable to live without water. Tesco knew the seriousness so they ran several programmes on reducing the usage of water. Tesco is giving Hope to the society as well, saving resources in order to prevent resources shortage, and climate changing. Value of hope is generating with these practices to the people. Living in harmony and secure which may concern for the next generation as well. With the clean environment, the values of comfort arise and the people can feel that they are living in a peaceful world. This is the main objective achieved by Tesco. A comfort lifestyle may bring positive thinking to the people, staying with tolerance and forgiveness. Tesco has significantly practiced ethical theory of right for the programme. According to William Sbaw (2010), a right is an entitlement to act or have other acts in a certain way. Everyone has a right in doing certain action and simultaneously expecting others not to deprive its right. However, others also possess a right to disagree to the action, but they cannot dismiss it. Tesco promoted the protecting environment programme and has prompted to let the communities knew that they had the right to live harmony. Right and Duty are correlated as that our prime duty is to protect the rights of people (Gavai, 2010). Tesco has the duty of giving fairness to the society and the communities have the right to enjoy the fair treatment. 5. Conclusion Business ethics is important for a corporate because it brings significant benefits and advantages. Corporation with good business ethics prompt to have good image and reputation in the market, which assist to create market awareness and promote sales easily. Furthermore, a corporation best practice such as corporate social responsibility is also very crucial which to protect the employees and communities’ welfare, c orporation may enjoy benefits for itself also because a good corporate social responsibility may create loyalty of an employee. A loyal and committted employee will stay with the corporation constantly and increase productivity, which can reduce labour turnover as well. Whereas, Tesco, as one of the biggest retailers in the world, which cover business internationally (refer Appendix II for International business Chart), they realize the importance of these and working hard to practice good ethical behavior, create value for the communities and providing moral decision to settle the ethical dilemma to ensure the stakeholder and communities can enjoy the benefits.

Research :: essays research papers

Research Skills Activity 1. Diversity Issues in workplace teams. A group of regional human resource professionals continually has made workplace diversity an ongoing educational item for its members. "Diversity in many aspects came about through attempts to address race and gender," said Scott Holsman, chapter president of the Human Resources Association of Mid-Missouri. "But they're also finding out there's more to diversity than those two issues. There's a rise of understanding on how teams work together, and I think we're moving toward more a substantial look at the role diversity plays." (Friedman, 2002, p.1) As part of a yearly look at diversity issues in the workplace, members of Holsman’s group attended a half-day conference early last week. Plummer spoke about diversity issues to about 60 of the group’s members. Diversity â€Å"is a topic because it’s a reality today,† said Holsman, who works for Express Personnel Services in Mid-Missouri. â€Å"The leading companies really understand that diversity is many things, and it’s not just a gender and racial thing. A team is made up of different talents, and the challenge is to optimize those talents to get the most benefit for an organization.† (Friedman, 2002, p.1) 2. Case Studies in Object Oriented Programming Pi is n debugger written in C+ +. This paper explains how object-oriented Programming in C+ + has influenced Pi's evolution. The motivation for Object Oriented programming was to experiment with a browser-like graphical user interface. The first unforeseen benefit was in the symbol table: lazy construction of an abstract syntax-based tree gave a clean interface to the remainder of Pi, with an efficient and robust implementation. Next, though not in the original design, Pi was easily modified to control multiple processes simultaneously. Finally, Pi was extended to control processes executing across multiple heterogeneous target processors. (Cargill, 1986, p.350) The subject of this paper is the impact of object-oriented programming on the structure and capabilities of a complicated piece of software - a debugger called Pi. The paper begins with observations about debugging in general and a description of Pi, to motivate the introduction of object-oriented programming. When the design of Pi began, object-oriented programming was chosen as a means of achieving a style of user interface. But the application of object-oriented techniques throughout had unforeseen benefits with respect to symbol table structure, multi-process debugging and target environment independence. (Cargill, 1986, p.350) 3. Current Political Trends in Singapore. Though being politically stable and popular, the government of Singapore has not been leading without dissentient voices.

Kafka’s Metamorphosis and Darwinian Theory

Reading Franz Kafka’s â€Å"The Metamorphosis†, one is inclined to think that perhaps the writer had Darwin in mind when he wrote the story. The story centers on the transformation of its protagonist, Gregor Samsa, and his family’s journey of survival through it. At the heart of the story resounds Darwin’s theory of the evolution of the species – that organisms change and evolve in order to survive, that the ultimate game is the survival of the fittest.Gregor’s transformation precipitated two struggles to survive – his own as a giant bug, and his family’s. It could be that Kafka was thinking along the lines of the essential Darwinian concepts – organisms change to cope, and that organisms adapt to the changes in their environment in order to survive. In the story, Gregor wakes up as a giant bug without his knowing or ever finding out the reason for his transformation. He was a traveling salesman, and was the familyâ€℠¢s breadwinner – he takes care of his aging parents and younger sister, pays off his father’s debts on top of addressing the family’s needs like rent and groceries.He was dissatisfied with his work but he is forced to keep at it to support his family. He dreams of eventually finding a better job as soon as he pays off his father’s debts. He devotes much of his time working sacrificing his own needs and desires, having no time to pursue his own interests or to foster any lasting or satisfying relationships. Perhaps his transformation was subconsciously desired – that Gregor wanted more than what his current life offered, and it was his subconscious’ way to show what he felt inside – him, a human being treated like an insect, dehumanized by the demands of work and family life, struggling to keep a bit of humanity he still has left. As in Darwin’s theory, it is not that organisms transformed themselves in an instant, but rather re alized their needs and wants and developed the means to achieve those.Whatever the reasons behind Gregor’s transformation, what is clear is that Gregor and his family both struggled to live after it happened. Gregor, having accepted the fact that his body has changed and that in order to move about he will have to get used to it, worked at moving his limbs to walk and move around. It was difficult to move around with new body, but he managed to learn how to, he needed to. Further, he and his family learned that with his new form, he could no longer eat the food that he used to enjoy, and that his dietary needs have changed. Whereas when he was human he wanted fresh foods, now he finds out that he is repulsed by it and can only eat rotting left-overs.The family, too, struggled with Gregor’s transformation. First, they cannot bear to see him as an insect, and more than that, they were worried about their financial situation. Although in Gregor’s eyes the father wa s but an old man who has not worked for five years and is entitled to a retirement of leisure, and his mother a frail woman who has asthma, and his younger sister a thing of beauty whose life has been so protected and pampered, and perhaps the family saw themselves the same way, but nevertheless, under their present circumstances they found it in them to fend for themselves.The father found work as a bank messenger, the mother sewed lingerie for an apparel shop, and the sister became a salesgirl and studied French and shorthand to find a better paying job in the future. Moreover, they also took in boarders to increase their income. They found that they could survive by themselves when they had to, that they did not really need Gregor – they adapted to the situation in order to live.In the end, Kafka’s The Metamorphosis is a story that chronicles man’s means and ways of survival, as he has done so all throughout history transforming into what he is today. In a wa y, it could be seen as a tribute to the principles that Drawin espoused in his theory of the evolution of species – that organisms, man above all, will adapt just to live, and that only those who are the fittest will survive.

Stylistic Comparison Essay examples - 778 Words

When an artist creates a painting it is not only to make a picture. Its purpose is to create a feeling or mood. Usually drawing more than an ordinary moment in life, usually stirring some kind of emotion that the artist is passionate about he hopes the viewer will feel. This is the purpose and beauty of art. Throughout history, the arts have been a form of rationalization in the mind of an artist. The progression of knowledge over a period of time can be mapped by many artists masterpieces. This shift in time can be seen in the romantic style of Eugene Delacroixs, Paganini, and the neo-classical style of Jean-Louis Davids, The Emperor Napoleon in His Study. These two portraits reveal a completely different style; however they both†¦show more content†¦The lighting and placement are very prominent. The light hues of the paint draw your eyes directly to Paganinis face and delicate hands on the violin. This dark contrast makes the images jump out at you, creating drama an d intrigue. It leaves me wondering what lies in the black luminous area surrounding the violinist. Delacroix places the main figure directly in the center giving the viewer one principle element to focus on. This places the audience right at eye level with the accomplished musician. As if you were there listening to him playing a concerto. You are enthralled by the deep concentration shown on his face. His intensity is clear but at the same time distant and illusory. This continually draws your attention to the emotions of this great man. He looks as if he can feel the music running through his body, touching every inch of his soul. The representation of Paganini flows in a circular motion. You can feel the flow of his body, from his face to his outstretched leg. Each part of his body drifts together with a clear pattern of movement. The artist drew the body in the form of a triangle from his head down to his separated legs. 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Effects Of Power In Julius Caesar - 737 Words

As human beings, it is very easy to become corrupted by power. Power changes people, and it has been that way ever since the beginning of time. Some prime examples of how power corrupts would be Brutus from the play The Tragedy of Julius Caesar, Jim Jones the â€Å"cult† leader, and Abby Lee Miller the reality TV star from â€Å"Dance Moms†. These people show how obsession over fame and control can essentially change their character and their lives. Over the course of the play The Tragedy of Julius Caesar, readers can see how Brutus’s character changes from the effect of power. In the beginning, Brutus was a simple man. He had loved Caesar, and had somewhat of a respect for him. The reader can see that when Brutus states, â€Å"I would not Cassius,†¦show more content†¦Much like Brutus, Jones was consumed by the desire of being a leader. And with this, it altered his mind and character. Gordon states, â€Å"He projected the rage he felt within himself and the treachery of his own psyche onto others† (2017). Jones idolized command and dominance. It made him do preposterous things. Power ruled him, and it changed him. Additionally, Abby Lee Miller, from the hit reality TV series â€Å"Dance Moms†, is becoming depraved from the result of her publicity and fame. She started out just a simple dance teacher in Pittsburg, and now with the help of her show, she is living a drastically different life, just not what she had hoped for. Fame and fortune left her selfish and cruel. Fox News expresses, â€Å"The â€Å"Dance Moms† star was known for her brash behavior and pursuit of perfectionism from her dance students. The Lifetime show follows a class of Millers elite students and the perilous relationship she has with the girls mothers. Critics of Dance Moms accuse Miller of being emotionally abusive toward the girls, and many episodes show her students dissolving into tears after a harsh critique† (1). Miller went from nothing to everything, and that took a toll on herself and the people around her. The nature of her actions changed when she started to gain publicity andShow MoreRelat edJulius Caesar in Rome1222 Words   |  5 Pagesthat the highest power was held by most of the people that lived in that area and the representatives that were elected. The state also nominated a president instead of a monarch, which at this time was the Senate. The senators of Rome were not concerned for the people but were fighting for power between each other (Donegan, n.d.). No one presented attention to the people and instruction had turned into turmoil. The head of state, who were always men never women, abused their power and sat on top ofRead MoreJulius Caesar : The Dictator Of Rome1011 Words   |  5 Pages Julius Caesar was born in Rome, Italy c. July 12, 100 BCE (â€Å"Julius Caesar  Biography†). Although many despised him, he was still able to reach his highest potential and became the dictator of Rome. This was not done easily, rather Julius went through many tough battles and overcame many difficult obstacles to reach his highest potential of a dictator. Through his dictatorship, Caesar changed the course of history to what we know it is today. Young Julius came from very humble beginnings. He wasRead MoreHow Did Julius Caesar Affect Rome? Essay1119 Words   |  5 Pages Julius Caesar was a very influential figure in Roman history. Many features of the Roman Empire came from his reign as dictator. But what, specifically, were some of those great achievements? In this research paper, I will explain Julius Caesar’s youth, the Roman Republic before Caesar came to power, the Roman government before Caesar became dictator-for-life, the effects of Julius Caesar, the reasons for his assassination, and what affects there were when the public learned about his assassinationRead MoreJulius Caesar s Assassination On Rome, Politically And Socially1717 Words   |  7 PagesThis investigation evaluates the question, to what extent did Julius Caesar s assassination affect Rome, politically and socially. Gaius Julius Caesar, famously known for his brilliant military strategies and shrewd political expertise, helped transf orm the Roman Republic into one of the greatest civilization in the western world. During his reign, Julius Ceasar expanded Rome’s geographical territory across Ancient Europe immensely, conquering areas of present-day France and Britain. The investigationRead MoreCivilian Control Of The Military1386 Words   |  6 PagesCivilian control of the military is very essential in order to have a strong and successful form of government. If all of the major political decisions were up to the military, many wrong decisions might be made and it would have a poor effect on the society. Military commanders may not have all of the necessary knowledge of the situation to make the most beneficial decisions, and many problems would likely end in war and violence. Also, one person would not always see every aspect of the situationRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth Essay1207 Words   |  5 Pageslike Macbeth or Julius Caesar. The protagonists Macbeth and Banquo conquer the evils that fa ce them throughout the plot. However, the nature of violence that takes place throughout Shakespeare’s plays is in relation toâ€Å"the source of the killing of the soul†(Macbeth and the Nature of Evil). In Macbeth, Macbeth is known as a superhuman warrior, the characteristics of being brave and having ambition. The main reason evil stirs up violence can be seen as examples in Macbeth and Julius Caesar, which is causedRead MoreThe Pressue is On: The Impacts of Peer Pressure in Julius Caesar by Shakespeare905 Words   |  4 Pages Listening to peer pressure has the power to shift one’s fate. William Shakespeare’s play, Julius Caesar, demonstrates how pressuring a man to execute an atrocity will have a detrimental impact on his life. As a scheme forms to overthrow a rising emperor and his followers, the men in the conspiracy of murdering Caesar create more damage than value. Eventually, the rising tension to kill an upcoming ruler creates a downfall of the Roman Empire, a breaking of trust among companions, and the deathRead MoreSimilarities Between Cleopatra And Cleopatra1523 Words   |  7 PagesPhilopator.) â€Å"In 59 Caesars, with this backing, secured his first consulship, in which he ruthlessly overrode the opposition and disregarded the vetoes of his pro-senatorial colleague. Then, between 58 and 51, he conquered the whole of central and northern Gaul as far as the River Rhine, which he briefly crossed.† (Grant 29) After Caesar and his army crushed Gaul, both parties became exceptionally affluent. In 49 BC, Caesar attacked Pompey and his men later deserting them. Caesar was victorious, PompeyRead MoreVictory or Demise, Same Faces in a New Light1520 Words   |  7 Pagesgovernment and trust is scarce. A totalitarian government is threatened and helped by individuals, however, one thing is common, the obligation to love of the authority, Big Brother. In William Shakespeares Julius Caesar, friendship and patriotism are crossed, as well as vengeance and power where Rome is betrayed and lacerated by the Conspiracy. The outcome of Caesars assassination is caused by his close f riends and companions becoming twisted into traitors vanquishing the bonds made. Both worksRead MoreThe Effect Of Julius Caesar1234 Words   |  5 PagesMSD PIKE TOWNSHIP The effect of Julius Caesar McKinney Smith Mr.Lee/ period 6 12/2/2014 Julius Caesar was a man who was uncommonly uncommon. He had never been brought around any kind of weaknesses. He was firm to face all dangers and wrongs that incorporated him. He had a tall and appealing stature and was to a great degree congenial. The overall population was something he was minding of, and it was minding of him, also. All his behavior were dumbfounding (Abbott 14). It was this that brought

The Heritage Of The Past - 1402 Words

â€Å"The heritage of the past is the seed that brings forth the harvest of the future.† Stemming from the words of Wendell Phillips, the acknowledgement and practice of heritage nourishes its ever-growing roots. The recognition of heritage in Alice Walker’s â€Å"Everyday Use† and Seamus Heaney’s â€Å"Digging,† approach the nourishment of heritage in different ways. Heaney diversifies the heritage of a father and grandfather digging in the potato fields, through an identity as a poet, by â€Å"digging† with a pen. However, Walker recognizes heritage through the heirlooms of quilts made by a grandmother, but rebels against the heritage by fulfilling a new identity. Heaney and Walker acknowledge and revere heritage, but favor deviating identities. In â€Å"Digging† by Seamus Heaney, the speaker’s memory is sparked by the sound of his father gardening below his window, while at his desk preparing to write. He begins to recall mem ories as a young boy, of accompanying his father to dig for potatoes in the fields. The speaker further recalls a more distant memory of his grandfather cutting turf. The speaker has fond memories of the hard-working men in his family. He also recalls helping out as a child by picking potatoes that his father had dug from the ground and bringing his grandfather milk while he worked. The speaker shows admiration and respect for their hard work upon his reminiscence. Furthermore, by reminiscing about the tradition of the men in his family, the speaker expresses his departureShow MoreRelatedPolitics, Place, And The Past : The Challenges Of Heritage1554 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Past: The Challenges of Heritage in South Asia Name: Institution: Politics, Place, and the Past: The Challenges of Heritage in South Asia 1) What types of challenges to archaeological resources are discussed by the authors? The archaeological sites that comprise of relics are managed in a similar way to other important items of environmental heritage. They ought to be treated in the similar way and with the same level of assessment and consideration like any other surviving past physicalRead MoreEmbracing the Past: A Difficult Ideal in African American Heritage912 Words   |  4 Pageswhite ideals while rejecting their heritage and anything that associates one with their â€Å"blackness† This type of rejection to one’s culture has been shown many times in African American literature. In â€Å"The Wife of His Youth,† by Charles Chesnutt, and Invisible Man, by Ralph Ellison, the authors use their writing to show this disconnection; both Chesnutt and Ellison are able to capture the struggle and help their characters to overcome it by embracing their pasts, which can be a very difficult idealRead MoreEssay on The History and Heritage of Society1671 Words   |  7 PagesTo understand heritage, an assessment of history and heritage needs to be examined. It can be suggested that history and heritage conceive of and use the past in similar ways. History accepts the existence of episodes from the past in much the same way as geography assumes the existence of places hat can be described, however imperfectly, as really existing even if not directly experienced by the narrator, on the basis of whatever record is available and selected for use (Tunbridge and Ashworth 1996)Read MoreCommentary on the Lost Heritage by Heather Buck Essay1536 Words   |  7 PagesCommentary on the Lost Heritage by Heather Buck The Lost Heritage by Heather Buck expresses the message that in todays lifestyle, we have lost our touch with our past. The main theme of the poem is the fact that the presents children are not informed about their detailed past. We are blind to the importance and significance of our heritage. The opening phrase Coreopsis, saffron, madder, daily we tread kaleidoscopes of [color], on Persian rugs we set our feet indicates Read MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Everyday Use By Alice Walker1678 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"Guided By My Heritage† (â€Å"In Search† 243) - Interpretations of Heritage In â€Å"Everyday Use,† Alice Walker uses relics from Dee’s past to demonstrate the importance of heritage through the understanding of inheritance and ancestry. Heritage in this story is understood as recognizing from where a person has originated. Walker correspondingly compares inheritance to art, something which should be used daily and passed on to future generations. Heritage and inheritance both have the same French rootRead MoreAnalysis Of My Mother Pieced Quilts821 Words   |  4 Pagesher, she wants to give the quilt to Maggie. Maggie wants to hold on to her heritage and Dee doesnt understand her heritage, her mom knows that Dee wont hold on to the family heritage.In the poem â€Å"My Mother Pieced Quilts† memories revolve around the poem.The poem is mainly about the mothers talent of weaving and how she weaves memories out of old fabric she finds that doesnt work anymore.In both of these stories, heritage and cultural identity is the central focus and the authors make does thisRead MoreWestern Theory Of Western Linear Development1295 Words   |  6 Pagespasses. This thesis will place the western model in a focal position and explore its condition as it is made evident in the world heritage site of the Borobudur located in Central Java, Indonesia. It will furthermore contrast the monument-centric values of western heritage management with the cultural landscape as imagined in the JICA Plan, and delve into the colonialist past to trace the evolution and translation of imperialism into a modern archaeological discipline and context. Complex societies breatheRead MoreAn Analysis Of Alice Walker s Everyday Use989 Words   |  4 PagesEnglish 102 22 January 2015 Heritage: The Various Interpretations in Alice Walker’s â€Å"Everyday Use† According to The Merriam-Webster Dictionary (2015), heritage is defined as, â€Å"traditions, achievements, beliefs, etc., that are part of the history of a group or nation† (â€Å"Heritage†). Heritage takes on mixed meanings for different people as a consequence of life experiences and belief systems. Alice Walker’s â€Å"Everyday Use† utilizes characters with varying ideas of â€Å"heritage† to enlighten the world ofRead MoreThe Olympics Opening Ceremony1165 Words   |  5 Pagesmediation of host state’s public history, and discourse of its national heritage. As Baker (201 :412) identifies, national identity and belonging are reinforced by contemporary Olympic Games as a form of the public events, where the host state displays the content of its identity for the global spectators. It is an official narrative of a nation’s past that is celebrated and preserved as the valuable ingredient of its culture and heritage. In the Olympics o pening ceremonies within the recent two decadesRead MoreHistorical And Cultural Values Of Heritage1149 Words   |  5 Pagesis not necessary in heritage industry is that economic pressure in the museum can affect the authenticity of the past in the museum. With the development of industrial heritage nowadays, heritage industry has been an essential aspect of the economic foundation in some countries. An increasing number of precious historical places are repaired and protected, which because not only the historical and cultural values of heritage are meaningful, but also because visiting heritage can raise people’s awareness

Printing Press Free Essays

†¢Intro things to discuss The ancient Greeks wrote texts intended for education only the privileged, wealthy few who could afford scribes. The modern textbook has its roots in the standardization made possible by the printing press. Early textbooks were used by tutors and teachers, who used the books as instructional aids The next revolution for books came with the 15th-century invention of printing with changeable type. We will write a custom essay sample on Printing Press or any similar topic only for you Order Now The invention is attributed to German metal smith Johannes Gutenberg, who cast type in molds using a melted metal alloy and constructed a wooden-screw printing press to transfer the image onto paper. Gutenberg’s invention made mass production of texts possible for the first time. †¢In general the invention of the printing press (Lower-class) Before Gutenberg’s printing press, reading books were a privilege for the church and some of the nobility, literacy was practically non-existent in the lower class, books were extremely expensive, and scientists never shared their work with other scientist. After the printing press was invented, books became considerably cheaper to afford, thus, making it easier for lower class citizens, as well as, libraries to afford books and circulate them throughout Europe. With the increase in books and the availability of them, came the increase in literacy among the lower classes. †¢traditional lecture before the invention- who accessed books †¢how it impacted education Also, since it was easier to print work scientist started sharing their works with each other. This was an amazing improvement in science, because now scientist could critic each other’s work, improve upon it, and eventually come up with correct conclusions. †¢how the printing press (changed the role of the Catholic Church) No more did people have to accept what the church told them – they could now read it for themselves. In an indirect way, it led to the Reformation of the church, one of the major events in European history. Without the printing press and the availability of Bibles, Martin Luther may not have been in the position to question the authority of the church and to encourage people to study the Bible for themselves to see how Faith was the means to salvation, rather than â€Å"good works†, as the Catholic Church had expounded for centuries. The church officials, before the printing press was invented, were the only ones to read the Bible and they, then taught their interpretations to the congregation. When the printing presses started printing How to cite Printing Press, Essay examples